The exposed surface of a weld on the side from which welding is done.

That surface of a member which is in contact or close proximity with another member to which it is to be joined.

A filler, usually coloured glass, used in goggles, helmets and handshields to exclude harmful light rays.

The metal to be added in making a welded, brazed, or soldered joint.

A weld of approximately triangular cross section joining two surfaces approximately at right angles to each other in a lap joint

The molten metal which is expelled, or which is squeezed out by the application of pressure, and solidifies around the weld.

A recession of the flame into or back of the mixing chamber of the torch.

The time during which the flashing action is taking place in flash welding.

A resistance-welding process wherein coalescence is produced, simultaneously over the entire area of abutting surfaces, by the heat obtained from resistance to electric current between the two surfaces, and by the application of pressure after heating is substantially completed. Flashing and upsetting are accompanied by expulsion of metal from the joint.

The position of welding wherein welding is performed from the upper side of the joint and the face of the weld is approximately horizontal.

Material used to prevent, dissolve or facilitate removal of oxides and other undesirable substances.

An arc-welding process wherein coalescence is produced by heating with an arc, between a continuous filler metal (consumable) electrode and the work. Shielding is obtained from a flux contained within the electrode. Additional shielding may or may not be obtained from an externally supplied gas or gas mixture.

A welding technique wherein the welding torch or gun is directed toward the progress of welding.

A solid state welding process wherein coalescence is produced by heating and by applying pressure or blows sufficient to cause permanent deformation at the interface.

A solid state welding process wherein coalescence is produced by the heat obtained from mechanically induced sliding motion between rubbing surfaces. The work parts are held together under pressure.

A brazing process in which the heat required is obtained from a furnace.

The melting together of filler metal and base metal, or of base metal only, which results in coalescence.